Romania

BUN VENIT IN ROMANIA!


Romania is a country located in the South - East of Central Europe in the north of the Balkan Peninsula on the Lower Danube, near Black Sea. Also, parallel 45 (midway between Ecuador and the North Pole) crosses Romania 70 km north of the capital.

Relief:
Romania's relief is varied and symmetrical (31% mountains, 33% hills and plateaus, 36% plains and meadows), concentric and arranged in steps. Romanian territory is administratively organized into 41 counties and Bucharest.

                   


Bucharest
Bucharest  is the capital city and the commercial centre of Romania. It is located in the southeast of the country.  Its eclectic architecture, which is a mix of historical, Ceausescu-era and modern elements, reflects the city's varied history. In the period between the two World Wars, the city's elegant architecture and the sophistication of its elite gave Bucharest the name of the "Paris of the East" or "Little Paris". Although much of the historical center was damaged or destroyed during the war, earthquakes and Nicolae Ceausescu's program of systematization, much survived, and in recent years the city is experiencing an economic and cultural boom.


 Brasov
Situated in the centre of Romania, the city of Brasov has the influence of an ancient history. The origins of Brasov as a town are lost in the dark times of medieval age. However, it is known that it has been developed as different communities living here decided to come together into a city. The first written documents on Brasov go back to the year of 1235, when the city was mentioned as CORONA, situated on the present location of the Black Church. The town will now be one of the strongest cities in Transylvania. The various guilds had each its own towers and fortresses that they would have to maintain and defend throughout the centuries. Today one may see parts of the old city walls or visit the Weavers' Fortress (currently a museum).

                 
Constanta
Constanta is located in the Romanian region called Dobrogea, which is the land between the Danube River (in the west) and the Black Sea (in the east). The history of the city goes back to 657 BC when it was the Greek controlled town of Tomis. When Romania became a Province of the Roman Empire, the Romans later renamed the city after the Emperor Constantine who fortified and developed the city. It was later destroyed in the 8th century by invading Slavs and Avars and then fell under Byzantine control. In 1418, the Turks settled in the region until the mid 1800s, when the national state of Romania was created (in 1862). Constanta was taken by Romania in 1877 after the Romanian War of Independence.


Beautiful places
Transfagarasan road
Balea lake
ROMANIA has many tourist attractions waiting to be discovered. It is also an interesting destination from a cultural and natural point of view, Romania's territory features splendid mountains, beautiful rolling hills, fertile plains and numerous rivers and lakes. Cultural attractions are the numerous castles, ancient towns, medieval fortresses, wooden and painted churches. At the center of Eastern Europe. Romania has many tourist attractions. The coast which overlooks the Black Sea, is studded with modern resort, a short distance from what is the natural reservation of the Danube Delta. The Transylvania, home of Dracula, offers striking castles such as Bran and imposing mountain forests in the region of the Carpathians.

                         

Culture
George Enescu- When you hear this name, you hear his music, too. He is a famous Romanian musician essentially involved in all what music is about: he was violinist and pianist, composer, conductor and pedagogue. His music has influences from Johannes Brahms and the specific Romanian themes are also played with deep love blended with professional touch.


Mihai Eminescu (1850-1889) is probably the best-known Romanian poet. Although his works have been translated in numerous languages (over 60 languages), there is that unique "flavor" of the native language, (it means, the Romanian language).  Famous poems include Luceafãrul (Morning star), Mai am un singur dor (The boon that I still crave for), and the five Scrisori (Epistles).



Constantin Brancusi was an internationally acknowledged Romanian sculptor, a central figure of the modern movement and a pioneer of abstraction. His sculptures blend simplicity and sophistication, and they are noted for its visual elegance and sensitive use of materials. Brancusi worked on several ambitious public sculpture projects, an unrealized temple in India for the Maharajah of Indore and the installation at Tirgu Jiu, Romania, of his Gate of the Kiss, Table of Silence and a 100-foot tall cast iron version of Endless Column. 


   
Emil Cioran is one of the most eminent Romanian writers and philosophers in the present. Born in 1911, he graduated the University of Bucharest in 1932 and became part of a group of enthusiastic and bright people that profoundly influenced the Romanian culture between the two world wars. In 1937 he studied in Paris and since 1947 he has written only in French. Among his best known works, are Pe culmile disperãrii (In dire despair, 1934), Lacrimi si Sfinţi (Tears and Saints, 1937), Precis de decomposition (A manual on decomposition, 1949), Exercices d'admiration (Exercises of admiration, 1985).


Mircea Eliade (1907-1986) was a philosopher, a writer and one of the most interesting personalities of the century.  His literary works belong to the fantasy and autobiographical genres. The best known are the novels Maitreyi, The Forbidden Forest,  Isabel and the Devil’s Waters and the Novel of the Nearsighted Adolescent, the novellas  Miss Christina and  Youth Without Youth, and the short story , With the Gypsy Girls.



Ion Luca Caragiale was a Romanian playwright, short story writer, poet, theater manager, political commentator and journalist. He had no formal education, he worked at some newspapers, then as a clerk. At the age of 20, he started writing and publishing some short comedy stories and fantasies. In a short period between 1878 and 1884 he wrote his most important plays: A Stormy Night, Mr. Leonida, Carnival Stories, A Lost Letter , which people still love to see put on stage. They also used to say that Caragiale surprised the society of his time so well in his plays that the ideals he mocked are still valid today. In 1888 he became the manager of the National Theater.


Dinu Lipatti (1917-1950) – With his name, you can already hear a beautiful piano song being played;  Lipatti was an exceptionally gifted pianist on an international scale. Alfred Cortot, a famous French composer had such a deep appreciation for Dinu Lipatti’s playing skills that he even resigned from the jury when, in an international competition, the jury awarded Lipatti only the second place.




Cuisine
Sarmale
Romanian cuisine is a diverse blend of different dishes from several traditions with which it has come into contact, but it also maintains its own character. It has been greatly influenced by Ottoman cuisine but it also includes influences from the cuisines of other neighbours. One of the most common dishes is mămăliga, a cornmeal mush served on its own or as an accompaniment. Sarmale are prepared from minced meat  mixed with rice and spices and wrapped in cabbage or vine leaves in the form of rolls. Certain recipes are made in direct connection with the season or the holidays. At Christmas, each family usually sacrifice a pig and prepare a large variety of dishes of its meat and organs (cârnaţi, caltaboşi, chiftele, tobă, şniţele).




Slobozia
It is situated in the South-East of Romania. The town is situated on the left bank of the river Ialomita, in a plain region- The Baragan Plain. In the centre of the town there is the UNESCO Cultural Centre “Ionel Perlea” where we have exhibitions, music concerts, conferences. There is also the County Library with an adult section, a children section and a reading room, too.
The town has also beautiful parks where you can take long walks and relax. There are four secondary schools and five high schools and of course, kindergarten . There are modern and nice restaurants which hold important events in one’s life such as a baptize or a wedding party. The Cathedral, the Monastery and the Little Wooden Church add more importance to our town from the religious point of view.


Culture and education 
1.The National Museum of Agriculture 
‘The House of Bread’
“In an old furniture store there is now a rather unusual museum, called the Museum of Agriculture. At first sight you would be tempted to say 'there is another ethnography museum’. Which the Museum of Agriculture is but, in the same time, it is much more than that…   The museographers here have taken seriously their mission to set up rituals of urban cultural life in Slobozia, to make the museum a place where you can always see something new. Each artefact exhibited in the museum is understood as part of a historical, economical, social, cultural, religious context. ‘The House of Bread’ is one of the museum’s sections and here, once more, the anthropological perspective meets the esthetical one.
A great diversity of museum methods and techniques is called to bring the object back to life.


2. Ialomita County Museum/ Muzeul Judetean Ialomita
Ialomita County Museum was founded in the second half of the seventh decade of the 20th century.  The museum collections are formed by approximate 25,000 objects, which represent the cultural patrimony of Ialomita County. The museum includes the collections of various themes: archaeology, history, ethnography, art.


3.The “Holy Voivodes” Monasery/ Manastirea Sfintii Voievozi
-a fortress in the Baragan Plain/ o fortareata a Campiei Baraganului-
Surrounded by an impressive wall and defense towers, for a few centuries the monastery has stood as a guard for the commercial roads that go across Ialomita County, witnessing numerous important events of the national and universal history. The first mention of the monastery dates since March 1615, when a chronicle reminds about it. So, less than one year after the first documented mention of the village of Slobozia, in the locality will start to function as well a holy monastery.